BIOMOLECULES

Minerals Minerals are elements that originate in the soil and cannot be created by living things. Minerals are essential nutrient present in diet. Animal tissues contain about 29 elements. Classification Based on the daily requirement minerals are classified into two types such as macrominerals (200 mg/day) and trace minerals (   200 mg/day) I)             Essential elements – They are indispensable for the normal life. a)     Macrominerals Macrominerals are usually called “bulk minerals”. Some are structural, but many play a role as electrolytes. Its include Calcium, Chloride, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium and Sulphur. b)     Traceminerals Many elements are required in trace amounts, usually because they play a catalytic role in enzymes e.g., Cobalt, Copper, Chromium, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Selenium,...

Vitamins Definition: vitamins are food accessory nutrient plays key role in metabolism and health. It is not synthesized in our body but derived from food substances. They found in vegetables, meat, milk, fish and egg. They are required in small quantities and their absence in diet cases deficiency diseases. Classification; vitamins are classified based on their solubility into two types such as water soluble and fat-soluble vitamins. Fat soluble vitamins: A, D,E, and K.  Water soluble: B and C Fat soluble vitamins: Name of the vitamins Source Function Deficiency diseases A Retinol Liver, milk, butter, egg, yolk, carrots, leafy green vegetables, sweet potatoes and pumpkins, Helps to keep them healthy, thus increasing resistance to infections, essential for night vision; promotes bones and tooth development. Beta carotene is an antioxidant and may protect against cancer. Involved in prote...